Golden Retriever Breed Standard
Sporting Group

General Appearance
A symmetrical, powerful, active dog, sound and well put together, not clumsy nor long in the leg, displaying a kindly expression and possessing a personality that is eager, alert and self-confident. Primarily a hunting dog, he should be shown in hard working condition. Overall appearance, balance, gait and purpose to be given more emphasis than any of his component parts. Faults--Any departure from the described ideal shall be considered faulty to the degree to which it interferes with the breed's purpose or is contrary to breed character.

Size, Proportion, Substance

Males 23-24 inches in height at withers; females 21½-22½ inches. Dogs up to one inch above or below standard size should be proportionately penalized. Deviation in height of more than one inch from the standard shall disqualify. Length from breastbone to point of buttocks slightly greater than height at withers in ratio of 12:11. Weight for dogs 65-75 pounds; bitches 55-65 pounds.

Head
Broad in skull, slightly arched laterally and longitudinally without prominence of frontal bones (forehead) or occipital bones. Stop well defined but not abrupt. Foreface deep and wide, nearly as long as skull. Muzzle straight in profile, blending smooth and strongly into skull; when viewed in profile or from above, slightly deeper and wider at stop than at tip. No heaviness in flews. Removal of whiskers is permitted but not preferred. Eyes friendly and intelligent in expression, medium large with dark, close-fitting rims, set well apart and reasonably deep in sockets. Color preferably dark brown; medium brown acceptable. Slant eyes and narrow, triangular eyes detract from correct expression and are to be faulted. No white or haw visible when looking straight ahead. Dogs showing evidence of functional abnormality of eyelids or eyelashes (such as, but not limited to, trichiasis, entropion, ectropion, or distichiasis) are to be excused from the ring. Ears rather short with front edge attached well behind and just above the eye and falling close to cheek. When pulled forward, tip of ear should just cover the eye. Low, hound-like ear set to be faulted. Nose black or brownish black, though fading to a lighter shade in cold weather not serious. Pink nose or one seriously lacking in pigmentation to be faulted. Teeth scissors bite, in which the outer side of the lower incisors touches the inner side of the upper incisors. Undershot or overshot bite is a disqualification. Misalignment of teeth (irregular placement of incisors) or a level bite (incisors meet each other edge to edge) is undesirable, but not to be confused with undershot or overshot. Full dentition. Obvious gaps are serious faults.

Neck, Topline, Body
Neck medium long, merging gradually into well laid back shoulders, giving sturdy, muscular appearance. No throatiness. Backline strong and level from withers to slightly sloping croup, whether standing or moving. Sloping backline, roach or sway back, flat or steep croup to be faulted. Body well balanced, short coupled, deep through the chest. Chest between forelegs at least as wide as a man's closed hand including thumb, with well developed forechest. Brisket extends to elbow. Ribs long and well sprung but not barrel shaped, extending well towards hindquarters. Loin short, muscular, wide and deep, with very little tuck-up. Slab-sidedness, narrow chest, lack of depth in brisket, excessive tuck-up to be faulted. Tail well set on, thick and muscular at the base, following the natural line of the croup. Tail bones extend to, but not below, the point of hock. Carried with merry action, level or with some moderate upward curve; never curled over back nor between legs.

Forequarters
Muscular, well coordinated with hindquarters and capable of free movement. Shoulder blades long and well laid back with upper tips fairly close together at withers. Upper arms appear about the same length as the blades, setting the elbows back beneath the upper tip of the blades, close to the ribs without looseness. Legs, viewed from the front, straight with good bone, but not to the point of coarseness. Pasterns short and strong, sloping slightly with no suggestion of weakness. Dewclaws on forelegs may be removed, but are normally left on. Feet medium size, round, compact, and well knuckled, with thick pads. Excess hair may be trimmed to show natural size and contour. Splayed or hare feet to be faulted.

Hindquarters
Broad and strongly muscled. Profile of croup slopes slightly; the pelvic bone slopes at a slightly greater angle (approximately 30 degrees from horizontal). In a natural stance, the femur joins the pelvis at approximately a 90-degree angle; stifles well bent; hocks well let down with short, strong rear pasterns. Feet as in front. Legs straight when viewed from rear. Cow-hocks, spread hocks, and sickle hocks to be faulted.

Coat
Dense and water-repellent with good undercoat. Outer coat firm and resilient, neither coarse nor silky, lying close to body; may be straight or wavy. Untrimmed natural ruff; moderate feathering on back of forelegs and on underbody; heavier feathering on front of neck, back of thighs and underside of tail. Coat on head, paws, and front of legs is short and even. Excessive length, open coats, and limp, soft coats are very undesirable. Feet may be trimmed and stray hairs neatened, but the natural appearance of coat or outline should not be altered by cutting or clipping.

Color
Rich, lustrous golden of various shades. Feathering may be lighter than rest of coat. With the exception of graying or whitening of face or body due to age, any white marking, other than a few white hairs on the chest, should be penalized according to its extent. Allowable light shadings are not to be confused with white markings. Predominant body color which is either extremely pale or extremely dark is undesirable. Some latitude should be given to the light puppy whose coloring shows promise of deepening with maturity. Any noticeable area of black or other off-color hair is a serious fault.

Gait
When trotting, gait is free, smooth, powerful and well coordinated, showing good reach. Viewed from any position, legs turn neither in nor out, nor do feet cross or interfere with each other. As speed increases, feet tend to converge toward center line of balance. It is recommended that dogs be shown on a loose lead to reflect true gait.

Temperament
Friendly, reliable, and trustworthy. Quarrelsomeness or hostility towards other dogs or people in normal situations, or an unwarranted show of timidity or nervousness, is not in keeping with Golden Retriever character. Such actions should be penalized according to their significance.

Disqualifications
Deviation in height of more than one inch from standard either way.
Undershot or overshot bite.

Approved October 13, 1981
Reformatted August 18, 1990

[简介] 金毛寻回犬是一种均称、有力、活泼的品种，稳固、且身体各部分配合恰当，腿既不太长也不笨拙，表情友善，个性热情、机警、自信。由于他是一种猎犬，在艰难的工作环境中才能显示出他的本质和特点。他的整体外观、平衡性、步态和该犬种的用途应得到比身体任何一部分细节得到更多的重视。缺陷：任何与该品种的理想描述背离的现象都被视为缺陷，缺陷的严重程度根据其背离的程度决定。

 [体型] 公狗肩高约23~24英寸；母狗肩高约21~22英寸。高度误差在一英寸以内的，根据其背离标准身高的程度扣分。误差超过一英寸的，被视为失格。 从胸骨到臀部的距离与肩高的比例为12/11。公狗体重约65~75磅，母狗体重约55~65磅。

 [头部] 脑袋宽，横竖两个方向均呈轻微拱形，但枕骨和前额均不突起。止部清晰但不陡峭。口吻深而宽，与脑袋差不多长。从侧面看，口吻：轮廓很直，与脑袋接合流畅、稳固；从前面和侧面看，靠近止部处均比靠近鼻镜处显得略深、略宽。上唇下垂但不显得沉重。可以剔除胡须但不提倡。眼睛：表情友善、聪慧，大但不能太大，眼缘色深，双眼间距大，适度凹陷。颜色为深棕较理想；中等棕色也可接受。斜眼、三角形且窄的眼与正确的表情背离，为缺陷。当犬直视前方时，无可见的白色或瞬膜。有眼皮和睫毛的功能性异常（比如，但不只限于：倒睫、眼睑内翻、眼睑外翻、双行睫）的，为失格。 耳朵：相当短，前部边缘较靠后，在眼睛上方，下垂，紧贴面颊。如果向前拉，耳尖刚好盖住眼睛。耳根低、猎犬耳被视为缺陷。鼻镜：黑色或棕黑色，寒冷的气候有可能会使颜色变浅，但不应该太明显。粉红色鼻镜或严重色素缺乏被视为缺陷。咬合：剪状咬合。上颚突出式咬合或下颚突出式咬合为失格。牙齿未对准（门牙位置不规则）或是钳状咬合是不可取的，但不如上颚突出式咬合或下颚突出式咬合那么严重。明显的牙齿间隙为缺陷。

[颈部、背线、躯干] 颈部长度中等，逐渐没入充分靠后的肩部，显得强壮、肌肉发达。喉咙处皮肤不能过于松驰下垂。 背线结实、从马肩隆至微倾的臀部，无论在静止或运动状态均保持水平。下倾、拱形、下凹的背线；平或过于陡峭的臀部均被视为缺陷。身体平衡良好，腰短，胸深。双腿间的胸宽至少等于一个成年男人合拢的手的宽度（包括拇指），前胸发达。胸骨延伸至肘。肋骨长、扩张良好，但不成桶形，很好地延伸至后躯。腰短、强健，宽且深，从侧面观察，腰部略微收缩。侧面平坦、窄胸、胸深度不足、腰部收缩过度均为缺陷。尾根高，尾巴根部厚实、肌肉发达，自然地从臀部延伸。尾骨延伸至飞节（但不低于飞节）。尾欢快地扬起，呈水平或适度的上扬曲线；不能卷曲至背上或夹在腿间。

 [前躯] 强壮、与后躯协调良好，动作自如。肩胛长、充分后靠，尖端在马肩隆处紧靠。上臂与肩胛长度差不多相同；肘部后端在肩胛尖端的正下方，紧贴肋骨，没有松懈。从前面看，腿直而骨量充足，但不能显得过分粗壮。掌部短而强健，略倾，没有支撑不稳的迹象。狼爪可以切除，但通常保留。足爪中等大小，圆、紧凑，指节良好，趾垫厚。如有过度的毛发，应修剪至显露自然的尺寸和轮廓线。脚趾张开或是野兔似的足（中趾长度明显大于其他趾，且弯曲不够，使整个足部显得长）为缺陷。

[后躯] 宽、肌肉十分发达。从侧面看，臀部略下斜；骨盆斜角略大（与水平约成30度）。自然站姿下，大腿骨与骨盆成约90度连接；膝关节充分弯曲；飞节尽可能贴近地面，脚腕骨短、强壮。足爪类似前肢。从后面观察，腿直。飞节内翻、飞节外翻、飞节不直，均为缺陷。

 [被毛] 有浓密而防水的底毛。外层被毛硬、有弹性，既不粗糙也不过分柔软，紧贴身体；毛发直或呈波状。不需要修剪，有自然的毛领，前腿后部和身体下有适量的羽状饰毛；颈前部、大腿后部和尾底侧有丰厚的羽状饰毛。头、足、腿前部的毛发短而均匀。过分长、开叉的毛和过分柔软的毛非常不可取。足部可以修剪，散发可以整理，但自然的毛发外形和轮廓不应该被破坏。

 [颜色] 鲜艳、有光泽的各种色泽的金黄色。羽状饰毛可比其他部位色泽略淡。除了因年龄增大，在脸和身体部位的毛发渐渐灰白，其他部位出现白色斑块（除了胸部的少数白毛），将根据其扩展的程度扣分。允许的浅色色泽变化与白色斑不能混淆。被毛的主色过分淡或过分深均不可取。有些幼犬的毛色偏淡，但其毛色显示，在成年时会加深，这样的幼犬在评审时应有一定的宽松度。任何显眼的黑色或其他颜色不佳的毛发均为严重缺陷。

 [步态] 小跑时，步态自如、流畅、有力、协调，有充分的步幅。无论从何角度看，腿既不内转也不外转，足不相互牵绊，也不交叉。当速度增加时，足部趋向会聚于中线。建议牵引带放松，以显示自然的步态。

 [气质] 友善、可靠、可信赖。

[失格] 在自然境况下，对其他犬或人表现出喜争斗或敌意；胆怯、神经紧张，是与金毛寻回犬的特质相悖的，根据其严重程度扣分。身高低于或高于标准身高超过一英寸上颚或下颚突出 

标准通过日期：1981年10月31日

修正执行日期：1990年8月18日

 原作： 酋长

来源： 转译自AKC

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