Boxer Breed Standard
Working Group

General Appearance
The ideal Boxer is a medium-sized, square-built dog of good substance with short back, strong limbs, and short, tight-fitting coat. His well-developed muscles are clean, hard, and appear smooth under taut skin. His movements denote energy. The gait is firm yet elastic, the stride free and ground-covering, the carriage proud. Developed to serve as guard, working, and companion dog, he combines strength and agility with elegance and style. His expression is alert and his temperament steadfast and tractable.

The chiseled head imparts to the Boxer a unique individual stamp. It must be in correct proportion to the body. The broad, blunt muzzle is the distinctive feature, and great value is placed upon its being of proper form and balance with the skull.

In judging the Boxer first consideration is given to general appearance and overall balance. Special attention is then devoted to the head, after which the individual body components are examined for their correct construction, and the gait evaluated for efficiency.

Size

Adult males 23 to 25 inches; females 21½ to 23½ inches at the withers. Proper balance and quality in the individual should be of primary importance since there is no size disqualification.

Proportion
The body in profile is square in that a horizontal line from the front of the forechest to the rear projection of the upper thigh should equal the length of a vertical line dropped from the top of the withers to the ground.

Substance
Sturdy, with balanced musculature. Males larger boned than females.

Head
The beauty of the head depends upon the harmonious proportion of muzzle to skull. The blunt muzzle is 1/3 the length of the head from the occiput to the tip of the nose, and 2/3rds the width of the skull. The head should be clean, not showing deep wrinkles (wet). Wrinkles typically appear upon the forehead when ears are erect, and are always present from the lower edge of the stop running downward on both sides of the muzzle.

Expression
Intelligent and alert.

Eyes
Dark brown in color, frontally placed, generous, not too small, too protruding, or too deepset. Their mood-mirroring character, combined with the wrinkling of the forehead, gives the Boxer head its unique quality of expressiveness. Third eyelids preferably have pigmented rims.

Ears
Set at the highest points of the sides of the skull, the ears are customarily cropped, cut rather long and tapering, and raised when alert. If uncropped, the ears should be of moderate size, thin, lying flat and close to the cheeks in repose, but falling forward with a definite crease when alert.

Skull
The top of the skull is slightly arched, not rounded, flat, nor noticeably broad, with the occiput not overly pronounced. The forehead shows a slight indentation between the eyes and forms a distinct stop with the topline of the muzzle. The cheeks should be relatively flat and not bulge (cheekiness), maintaining the clean lines of the skull as they taper into the muzzle in a slight, graceful curve.

Muzzle and Nose
The muzzle, proportionately developed in length, width, and depth, has a shape influenced first through the formation of both jawbones, second through the placement of the teeth, and third through the texture of the lips. The top of the muzzle should not slant down (downfaced), nor should it be concave (dishfaced); however, the tip of the nose should lie slightly higher than the root of the muzzle. The nose should be broad and black.

Bite and Jaw Structure
The Boxer bite is undershot, the lower jaw protruding beyond the upper and curving slightly upward. The incisor teeth of the lower jaw are in a straight line, with the canines preferably up front in the same line to give the jaw the greatest possible width. The upper line of the incisors is slightly convex with the corner upper incisors fitting snugly in back of the lower canine teeth on each side. Neither the teeth nor the tongue should ever show when the mouth is closed.

The upper jaw is broad where attached to the skull and maintains this breadth, except for a very slight tapering to the front. The lips, which complete the formation of the muzzle, should meet evenly in front. The upper lip is thick and padded, filling out the frontal space created by the projection of the lower jaw, and laterally is supported by the canines of the lower jaw. Therefore, these canines must stand far apart and be of good length so that the front surface of the muzzle is broad and squarish and, when viewed from the side, shows moderate layback. The chin should be perceptible from the side as well as from the front. Any suggestion of an overlip obscuring the chin should be penalized.

Neck
Round, of ample length, muscular and clean without excessive hanging skin (dewlap). The neck should have a distinctly arched and elegant nape blending smoothly into the withers.

Back and Topline
The back is short, straight, muscular, firm, and smooth. The topline is slightly sloping when the Boxer is at attention, leveling out when in motion.

Body
The chest is of fair width, and the forechest well-defined and visible from the side. The brisket is deep, reaching down to the elbows; the depth of the body at the lowest point of the brisket equals half the height of the dog at the withers. The ribs, extending far to the rear, are well-arched but not barrel-shaped.

The loins are short and muscular. The lower stomach line is slightly tucked up, blending into a graceful curve to the rear. The croup is slightly sloped, flat and broad. The pelvis is long, and in females especially broad. The tail is set high, docked, and carried upward. An undocked tail should be severely penalized.

Forequarters
The shoulders are long and sloping, close-lying, and not excessively covered with muscle (loaded). The upper arm is long, approaching a right angle to the shoulder blade. The elbows should not press too closely to the chest wall nor stand off visibly from it. The forelegs are long, straight, and firmly muscled, and, when viewed from the front, stand parallel to each other. The pastern is strong and distinct, slightly slanting, but standing almost perpendicular to the ground. The dewclaws may be removed. Feet should be compact, turning neither in nor out, with well-arched toes.

Hindquarters
The hindquarters are strongly muscled, with angulation in balance with that of the forequarters. The thighs are broad and curved, the breech musculature hard and strongly developed. Upper and lower thigh are long. The legs are well-angulated at the stifle, neither too steep nor over-angulated, with clearly defined, well "let down" hock joints. Viewed from behind, the hind legs should be straight, with hock joints leaning neither in nor out. From the side, the leg below the hock (metatarsus) should be almost perpendicular to the ground, with a slight slope to the rear permissible. The metatarsus should be short, clean, and strong. The Boxer has no rear dewclaws.

Coat
Short, shiny, lying smooth and tight to the body.

Color
The colors are fawn and brindle. Fawn shades vary from light tan to mahogany. The brindle ranges from sparse but clearly defined black stripes on a fawn background to such a heavy concentration of black striping that the essential fawn background color barely, although clearly, shows through (which may create the appearance of reverse brindling). White markings, if present, should be of such distribution as to enhance the dog's appearance, but may not exceed one-third of the entire coat. They are not desirable on the flanks or on the back of the torso proper. On the face, white may replace part of the otherwise essential black mask, and may extend in an upward path between the eyes, but it must not be excessive, so as to detract from true Boxer expression. The absence of white markings, the so-called "plain" fawn or brindle, is perfectly acceptable, and should not be penalized in any consideration of color. Disqualifications Boxers that are any color other than fawn or brindle. Boxers with a total of white markings exceeding one-third of the entire coat.

Gait
Viewed from the side, proper front and rear angulation is manifested in a smoothly efficient, level-backed, ground covering stride with a powerful drive emanating from a freely operating rear. Although the front legs do not contribute impelling power, adequate reach should be evident to prevent interference, overlap, or sidewinding (crabbing). Viewed from the front, the shoulders should remain trim and the elbows not flare out. The legs are parallel until gaiting narrows the track in proportion to increasing speed, then the legs come in under the body but should never cross. The line from the shoulder down through the leg should remain straight although not necessarily perpendicular to the ground. Viewed from the rear, a Boxer's rump should not roll. The hind feet should dig in and track relatively true with the front. Again, as speed increases, the normally broad rear track will become narrower. The Boxer's gait should always appear smooth and powerful, never stilted or inefficient.

Character and Temperament
These are of paramount importance in the Boxer. Instinctively a hearing guard dog, his bearing is alert, dignified, and self-assured. In the show ring his behavior should exhibit constrained animation. With family and friends, his temperament is fundamentally playful, yet patient and stoical with children. Deliberate and wary with strangers, he will exhibit curiosity, but, most importantly, fearless courage if threatened. However, he responds promptly to friendly overtures honestly rendered. His intelligence, loyal affection, and tractability to discipline make him a highly desirable companion. Any evidence of shyness, or lack of dignity or alertness, should be severely penalized.

The foregoing description is that of the ideal Boxer. Any deviation from the above described dog must be penalized to the extent of the deviation.

Disqualifications
Boxers that are any color other than fawn or brindle. Boxers with a total of white markings exceeding one-third of the entire coat.

Approved February 11, 2005
Effective March 30, 2005

 Boxer(拳师犬)

[简介] 理想的拳师犬是这样的：中等大小，正方形比例，身体结实、背短，强壮的四肢，短、紧密而合体的被毛。他肌肉发达、线条清晰，坚硬的肌肉被紧而光滑的皮肤包裹着。他的动作显示出力量感。步态稳固，富有弹性，步幅舒展，显得骄傲。可以用作守卫犬、工作犬、陪伴犬。他结合了力量和敏捷、高雅和时尚。他的表情警惕，性格稳定而驯服。其头部轮廓使拳师给人一种独特的印象。头部必须与身躯保持恰当的比例。其宽而钝的口吻是其最大的特点，最重要的就在于其恰当的位置和与脑袋的恰当比例。在评判拳师时，首先要考虑的就是整体外观，象颜色和样式。然后是专心检查头部，最后是身体的各部分及构造是否合理，及评估步态。

[体型] 高度：成年雄性肩高约22.5~25英寸；雌性肩高约21~23.5英寸，当然，雄性不能低于最小肩高而雌性不能高于最大肩高，可是，自从肩高不作为失格限制以后，整体的比例和品质才是最重要的。比例：从侧面观察，身体轮廓呈正方形比例，从马肩隆到地面的垂直距离等于从前胸到大腿股的水平距离。体质：坚实、匀称的肌肉。雄性骨量大于雌性同伴。

[头部] 漂亮的头部是由口吻和脑袋正确的比例所构成的。钝的口吻的长度约占头部长度（从后枕部到鼻尖的长度）的1/3，宽度为脑袋的2/3。头部整洁，没有过深的皱纹（湿忽忽的）。当耳朵竖立时，前额的皱纹很有代表性，褶皱总是在止部下边缘向口吻两侧延伸。表情：聪明而警惕。眼睛：深褐色，不能太小、太突出或太凹陷。他们结合前额的皱纹，所反映出来的特点，给予拳师犬一种独特的表情。耳朵：剪耳，位于头顶。耳朵要剪的长而尖细，警惕时突起。脑袋：头顶略拱，不能圆，也不能平，更不能太宽。两眼间的前额略略下陷，与口吻连接处有明显的止部。面颊相对平坦，不能凸出（厚脸皮），维持脑袋简洁的轮廓线，向口吻方向略略变窄，呈优美的锥形。口吻：长度、宽度及深度比例匀称，构成口吻轮廓的首先是上下颚，其次是牙齿的位置，第三是嘴唇。口吻上轮廓线不能向下斜（下斜脸），也不能凹陷（盘子脸）；然而，鼻尖应该略高于口吻末端。鼻镜宽而黑。上颚宽度与脑袋相当，保持这一宽度，向前略略变细。嘴唇，完全覆盖口吻，并在前面均匀的交会。上嘴唇厚而丰满，填满前部空间，并垂到下颚，被下犬齿支撑着。所以下犬齿必须有足够的长度，而且彼此间有足够的距离，以形成口吻前部的曲面，从侧面观察显得有点方、有点宽、还有点向后。从前面和侧面观察都能看到下巴。咬合：拳师的咬合是下颚突出式咬合；下颚比上颚突出，并略向上弯。下颚的门牙呈直线形，下犬齿在前面同一直线上，彼此的距离尽可能宽。上颚的门牙略呈弧形，角落的门牙略微靠后，上颚的门牙处在下颚的门牙之后。缺陷：脑袋太宽；厚脸皮；皱纹太深（湿忽忽的）或缺乏（太干燥）；过分夸张的上唇；相对脑袋来说，口吻太轻；口吻末端太尖；下颚过分突出，嘴闭着时能看到牙齿或舌头；眼睛颜色太浅（相对于身体上被毛的颜色）。

[颈部、背线、身躯] 颈部：圆弧形，有足够的长度，肌肉发达，没有过多的皱皮（赘肉）。颈背以显著、优雅的弧线平滑延伸至肩部。背线：平滑、坚实且略斜。身躯：胸相当宽，前胸轮廓突出，并能从侧面观察到。胸相当深，胸深达到肘部；身体深度即胸部最低点到马肩隆的距离等于马肩隆到地面距离的一半。肋骨，向后扩展，扩张良好但不呈桶状胸。背短、直、且肌肉发达。稳固地连接肩和后躯。腰短而肌肉发达。腹部轮廓线略向上收，形成优美的曲线。臀部略斜，平且宽。尾根位置高，剪尾、向上举。雌性的骨盆长，而且非常宽。缺陷：短而笨重的颈部。胸太宽、太窄、肩部中间太斜；前胸缺乏；过度收腹；平坦的肋骨；长或窄的腰，无力的臀部；下垂的臀部；后体高与前躯。

[前躯] 肩部长而倾斜，肌肉过分掩盖肩胛（抗肩膀）。前臂长，与肩胛接近90度角。肘部不过分贴近胸部也不明显远离胸部。从前面观察，前肢长、直，且肌肉发达，彼此平行。脚腕结实而清晰，略斜，站立时几乎垂直于地面。狼爪可以切除。足爪紧凑，既不内翻也不外翻，足趾适度圆拱。缺陷：松弛或抗肩膀；肘部内弯或外翻。

[后躯] 后躯肌肉发达，角度与前躯平衡。大腿宽而弯曲，臀部肌肉发达、坚实。第一节大腿和第二节大腿长。后腿在膝关节处角度合适，轮廓清晰。后腿直，飞节既不内翻也不外翻。从侧面观察，飞节以下部位（跖骨）垂直于地面，略向后倾斜也是允许的。跖骨短，干净切结实。拳师犬不应该有后肢狼爪。缺陷：陡峭或过度弯曲的后腿；过轻或过重的后腿。过度弯曲的飞节（镰刀腿）；后体太低或太靠后。

[被毛] 短、油亮、光滑的紧贴身体。

[颜色] 颜色是驼色带斑纹。驼色的范围总浅茶色到桃花芯木色都可以。斑纹相对稀少，是界限清晰的黑色条纹在驼色的基本色上，是非常集中的黑色斑纹位于驼色的基本色上，黑色显得彻底（形成了“反色斑纹”的外貌）。白色的斑纹可以点缀拳师的外观，但不能超过整个被毛面积的1/3。而且白色不应该出现在腰部或背部，在面部，白色可能替代部分黑色“面具”的位置并延伸到两眼睛中间，但决不能过分，破坏了拳师独特的表情。缺陷：白色斑纹不引人注意或放错地方。失格：拳师犬是驼色加斑纹以外的颜色搭配；白色超过整个被毛面积的1/3。

[步态] 从侧面观察，正确的前躯和后躯角度产生了平稳、有效、背部水平、步幅良好、后躯驱动有力、舒展的步态和后体动作。虽然，前肢不产生驱动力，但良好的前肢伸展性避免了与冲突，交叠和侧向运动。从前面观察，肩部保持整齐且肘部不向外张开。腿保持彼此平行，速度增加时，保持直线轨迹，腿位于身体下方但不交叉。虽然不需要垂直于地面，但从肩部向下到腿还是要保持直线。从后面观察，拳师的臀部不应该滚动。后足爪应该“插入”前肢相同的轨迹。同样，当速度增加时，后体的正常现象是宽度减小。缺陷：做作或低效率的步态；不够流畅。

[特点和气质] 气质对拳师来说非常重要。天生是一钟“听觉”警卫犬，他警觉、威严切自信。在比赛中，他的举止显示出收约束的活泼，在家里或和朋友一起，他其实非常爱玩闹，对孩子非常有耐心和忍耐力。对陌生人警惕且保留，但会显示出好奇心，但是非常重要的一点是，面对威胁会非常勇敢。当然，对友善的反应也很敏捷。他聪明、忠诚、友善而温顺，在严格管理下，将成为非常理想的伴侣。缺陷：缺乏威严和机敏；羞怯 上面描述的是一个理想的拳师。任何背离上述描述的地方都会根据背离的程度被扣分。

[失格] 拳师犬是驼色加斑纹以外的颜色搭配；白色超过整个被毛面积的1/3。

标准通过日期：1999年2月5日

标准执行日期：1999年3月31日

原作： 酋长

来源： 转译自AKC

本文引用地址：http://www.petwe.com/article/2006/0726/article_813.html