Kuvasz Breed Standard
Working Group

General Appearance
A working dog of larger size, sturdily built, well balanced, neither lanky nor cobby. White in color with no markings. Medium boned, well muscled, without the slightest hint of bulkiness or lethargy. Impresses the eye with strength and activity combined with light-footedness, moves freely on strong legs. The following description is that of the ideal Kuvasz. Any deviation must be penalized to the extent of the deviation.

Size, Proportion, Substance
Height measured at the withers: Dogs, 28 to 30 inches; bitches, 26 to 28 inches. Disqualifications: Dogs smaller than 26 inches. Bitches smaller than 24 inches. Weight: Dogs approximately 100 to 115 pounds, bitches approximately 70 to 90 pounds. Trunk and limbs form a horizontal rectangle slightly deviated from the square. Bone in proportion to size of body. Medium, hard. Never heavy or coarse. Any tendency to weakness or lack of substance is a decided fault.

Head

 Proportions are of great importance as the head is considered to be the most beautiful part of the Kuvasz. Length of head measured from tip of nose to occiput is slightly less than half the height of the dog at the withers. Width is half the length of the head. Eyes almond-shaped, set well apart, somewhat slanted. In profile, the eyes are set slightly below the plane of the muzzle. Lids tight, haws should not show. Dark brown, the darker the better. Ears V-shaped, tip is slightly rounded. Rather thick, they are well set back between the level of the eye and the top of the head. When pulled forward the tip of the ear should cover the eye. Looking at the dog face to face, the widest part of the ear is about level to the eye. The inner edge of the ear lies close to the cheek, the outer edge slightly away from the head forming a V. In the relaxed position, the ears should hold their set and not cast backward. The ears should not protrude above the head. The skull is elongated but not pointed. The stop is defined, never abrupt, raising the forehead gently above the plane of the muzzle. The longitudinal midline of the forehead is pronounced, widening as it slopes to the muzzle. Cheeks flat, bony arches above the eyes. The skin is dry. Muzzle: length in proportion to the length of the head, top straight, not pointed, underjaw well developed. Inside of the mouth preferably black. Nose large, black nostrils well opened. Lips black, closely covering the teeth. The upper lip covers tightly the upper jaw only; no excess flews. Lower lip tight and not pendulous. Bite: dentition full, scissors bite preferred. Level bite acceptable. Disqualifications: overshot bite; undershot bite.

Neck, Topline, Body
Neck muscular, without dewlap, medium length, arched at the crest. Back is of medium length, straight, firm and quite broad. The loin is short, muscular and tight. The croup well muscled, slightly sloping. Forechest is well developed. When viewed from the side, the forechest protrudes slightly in front of the shoulders. Chest deep with long, well-sprung ribs reaching almost to the elbows. The brisket is deep, well developed and runs parallel to the ground. The stomach is well tucked up. Tail carried low, natural length reaching at least to the hocks. In repose it hangs down resting on the body, the end but slightly lifted. In state of excitement, the tail may be elevated to the level of the loin, the tip slightly curved up. Ideally there should not be much difference in the carriage of the tail in state of excitement or in repose.

Forequarters
Shoulders muscular and long. Topline--withers are higher than the back. The scapula and humerus form a right angle, are long and of equal length. Elbows neither in nor out. Legs are medium boned, straight and well muscled. The joints are dry, hard. Dewclaws on the forelegs should not be removed. Feet well padded. Pads resilient, black. Feet are closed tight, forming round "cat feet." Some hair between the toes, the less the better. Dark nails are preferred.

Hindquarters
The portion behind the hip joint is moderately long, producing wide, long and strong muscles of the upper thigh. The femur is long, creating well-bent stifles. Lower thigh is long, dry, well muscled. Metatarsus is short, broad and of great strength. Dewclaws, if any, are removed. Feet as in front, except the rear paws somewhat longer.

Coat
The Kuvasz has a double coat, formed by guard hair and fine undercoat. The texture of the coat is medium coarse. The coat ranges from quite wavy to straight. Distribution follows a definite pattern over the body regardless of coat type. The head, muzzle, ears and paws are covered with short, smooth hair. The neck has a mane that extends to and covers the chest. Coat on the front of the forelegs up to the elbows and the hind legs below the thighs is short and smooth. The backs of the forelegs are feathered to the pastern with hair 2 to 3 inches long. The body and sides of the thighs are covered with a medium length coat. The back of the thighs and the entire tail are covered with hair 4 to 6 inches long. It is natural for the Kuvasz to lose most of the long coat during hot weather. Full luxuriant coat comes in seasonally, depending on climate. Summer coat should not be penalized.

Color
White. The skin is heavily pigmented. The more slate gray or black pigmentation the better.

Gait
Easy, free and elastic. Feet travel close to the ground. Hind legs reach far under, meeting or even passing the imprints of the front legs. Moving toward an observer, the front legs do not travel parallel to each other, but rather close together at the ground. When viewed from the rear, the hind legs (from the hip joint down) also move close to the ground. As speed increases, the legs gradually angle more inward until the pads are almost single-tracking. Unless excited, the head is carried rather low at the level of the shoulders. Desired movement cannot be maintained without sufficient angulation and firm slimness of body.

Temperament
A spirited dog of keen intelligence, determination, courage and curiosity. Very sensitive to praise and blame. Primarily a one-family dog. Devoted, gentle and patient without being overly demonstrative. Always ready to protect loved ones even to the point of self-sacrifice. Extremely strong instinct to protect children. Polite to accepted strangers, but rather suspicious and very discriminating in making new friends. Unexcelled guard, possessing ability to act on his own initiative at just the right moment without instruction. Bold, courageous and fearless. Untiring ability to work and cover rough terrain for long periods of time. Has good scent and has been used to hunt game.

Disqualifications
Overshot bite. Undershot bite.
Dogs smaller than 26 inches. Bitches smaller than 24 inches.

Approved July 12, 1999
Effective August 30, 1999

Kuvasz(哥威斯犬)

[简介] 一种体型高大的工作犬，结构坚实，非常和谐，决不显得瘦长或象矮脚马。白色，不带任何斑纹。中等骨量，肌肉发达，显得一点都不笨重或无生气。一眼看上去就感觉到力量和活跃，动作舒展，腿部结实。下面描述的是一个理想的哥威斯犬，任何背离下面描述的地方都会根据背离的程度扣分。

[体型] 肩高：雄性约28~30英寸；雌性约26~28英寸。失格：雄性低于26英寸；雌性低于24英寸。体重：雄性约100~115磅；雌性约70~90磅。身体比例为矩形，长度略略大于高度，骨骼与身体大小的比例恰当。骨量中等，骨骼坚实。决不显得笨重或粗糙。任何软弱或缺乏骨量的倾向都属于缺陷。

[头部] 作为一个漂亮的哥威斯犬，头部的比例是至关重要的。头部长度（从鼻镜到后枕骨的距离）约比肩高的1/2略小一些，头部的宽度约为头部长度的1/2。眼睛：杏仁形；位置分的稍远、略斜；从头部轮廓看，眼睛位于口吻上方；眼睑紧，看不到瞬膜；深棕色，颜色越深越好。耳朵：V字形，尖端略圆；厚实一些比较好；位置靠后，在眼睛与头顶中间的位置。如果将耳尖向前拉，正好能盖住眼睛。如果脸对脸的观察哥威斯犬，耳朵最宽的部分与眼睛在同一平面。耳朵内缘贴着面颊，耳朵外缘略离开脑袋一些，构成一个v。在松弛的状态下，耳朵保持正常位置，不向后转。耳朵不能突出超过头部。脑袋：脑袋长但不尖，止部清晰，但不生硬，抬高的前额逐渐高过口吻。前额的纵向中线清晰、向口吻方向逐渐放宽。面颊平坦，眉骨圆拱。皮肤紧。口吻：长度与头部的比例恰当，上轮廓直，不尖，下颚非常发达，口腔内以黑色为好。鼻镜：大，黑色，鼻孔张开。嘴唇：黑色，完全覆盖牙齿，上唇紧紧地覆盖下唇，没有过分下垂的上唇。下唇紧，无下垂。咬和：牙齿完整无缺齿，剪状咬和比较理想，钳状咬和也可以接受。失格：上颚突出式咬和或下颚突出式咬和。

[颈部、背线、身躯] 颈部：肌肉发达，无赘肉，中等长度，上段圆拱。背部：中等长度、直、坚实且相当宽。腰部短、肌肉发达且紧凑。臀部肌肉发达、略斜。前胸清晰。从侧面观察时，前胸比肩膀略向前突。胸深，肋骨扩张良好，深度差不多达到肘部。胸底深且与地面平行。腹部上提。尾巴：下垂，长度自然的延伸到飞节处。休息时，静止地悬挂在身体后面，但是末端略向上举。兴奋时，尾巴可能举高到腰部的位置，尾尖略卷曲。理想情况是不论休息时还是兴奋时，尾巴的姿态不应该有太大的区别。

[前躯] 肩部长而肌肉发达。背线—马肩隆高于背部。肩胛与上臂呈直角，长度相等。肘部既不向内玩也不向外翻。腿部骨量中等，直且肌肉发达。结合紧凑。前肢的狼爪不能切除。足爪：脚垫发达，脚垫有弹性、黑色，足爪紧、圆形（猫足）。脚趾间的毛发少一些比较好。深色趾甲为首选。

[后躯] 臀部后关节适度的长，产生宽、长、肌肉结实的上半部大腿。大腿骨长，后膝关节角度恰当。下半部大腿长、干燥、肌肉发达。跖骨短、宽且非常有力。如果后肢有狼爪，需要切除。足爪除了脚掌比前肢略长外，其他与前肢一样。

[被毛] 哥威斯犬拥有双层被毛，由外层披毛和柔软的底毛组成。毛发的质地是适度粗硬。被毛的外观从彻底的波浪状到笔直的毛发都可以。毛发分布是明确的根据身体部位决定，与毛发类型无关。头部、口吻、耳朵及脚掌上覆盖着短而平滑的毛发，颈部长有鬃毛，延伸并覆盖到胸部。前肢前面、肘部以上位置；后肢大腿以下位置的毛发短而平滑。前肢后面，到脚腕之间的位置长有2~3英寸长的羽状饰毛。身躯两侧、大腿覆盖着中等长度的毛发，大腿和整个尾巴的被毛有4~6英寸长。自然环境下的哥威斯犬，会在炎热季节褪掉决大部分的长毛，并在寒冷季节到来时，重新换上丰满浓密的被毛。夏季毛发不属于缺陷。

[颜色] 白色，皮肤色素充分。深蓝灰色或黑色皮肤最好

[步态] 轻松、舒展、有弹性。足爪落地位置近，后肢延伸到身体下方，后脚足迹与前肢的足迹重叠或恰好接上前肢足迹。向观察者方向行进时，前肢不相互平行，足迹落点比较靠近。从后面观察，后腿（臀部以下），足迹落点也比较靠近。速度增加时，腿更向身体中心线靠拢，直到足迹成为单一直线。如果不是在兴奋状态下，头部位置应该低于马肩隆。如果没有得到理想的步态，主要是由于没有正确的角度及身体不够坚实、苗条。

[气质] 一个精神饱满的哥威斯犬应该非常聪明、果断、勇敢而且有好奇心。对夸奖和责备都非常敏感。其本性为家族狗，忠实、温和、有耐心，没有明显的情绪化。随时准备为了保护自己所热爱的一切而献身。有非常强烈的保护小孩子的本能。一般对陌生人比较礼貌，但对新朋友持怀疑和谨慎的态度。极好的护卫犬，在必要的时候，没有得到指示也能在正确的瞬间自己采取正确的行动。大胆、勇敢且无所畏惧。具有不知疲倦的、在崎岖的地形下长时间工作的能力。他有良好的嗅觉，喜欢捕猎游戏。

[失格] 上颚突出式咬和或下颚突出式咬和。雄性低于26英寸；雌性低于24英寸。

标准通过日期：1999年7月12日

标准执行日期：1999年8月30日

原作： 酋长

来源： 转译自AKC

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