Bulldog Breed Standard
Non-Sporting Group

General Appearance
The perfect Bulldog must be of medium size and smooth coat; with heavy, thick-set, low-swung body, massive short-faced head, wide shoulders and sturdy limbs. The general appearance and attitude should suggest great stability, vigor and strength. The disposition should be equable and kind, resolute and courageous (not vicious or aggressive), and demeanor should be pacific and dignified. These attributes should be countenanced by the expression and behavior.

Size, Proportion, Symmetry
Size--The size for mature dogs is about 50 pounds; for mature bitches about 40 pounds. Proportion--The circumference of the skull in front of the ears should measure at least the height of the dog at the shoulders. Symmetry--The "points" should be well distributed and bear good relation one to the other, no feature being in such prominence from either excess or lack of quality that the animal appears deformed or ill-proportioned. Influence of Sex In comparison of specimens of different sex, due allowance should be made in favor of the bitches, which do not bear the characteristics of the breed to the same degree of perfection and grandeur as do the dogs.

Head

Eyes and Eyelids--The eyes, seen from the front, should be situated low down in the skull, as far from the ears as possible, and their corners should be in a straight line at right angles with the stop. They should be quite in front of the head, as wide apart as possible, provided their outer corners are within the outline of the cheeks when viewed from the front. They should be quite round in form, of moderate size, neither sunken nor bulging, and in color should be very dark. The lids should cover the white of the eyeball, when the dog is looking directly forward, and the lid should show no "haw." Ears--The ears should be set high in the head, the front inner edge of each ear joining the outline of the skull at the top back corner of skull, so as to place them as wide apart, and as high, and as far from the eyes as possible. In size they should be small and thin. The shape termed "rose ear" is the most desirable. The rose ear folds inward at its back lower edge, the upper front edge curving over, outward and backward, showing part of the inside of the burr. (The ears should not be carried erect or prick-eared or buttoned and should never be cropped.) Skull--The skull should be very large, and in circumference, in front of the ears, should measure at least the height of the dog at the shoulders. Viewed from the front, it should appear very high from the corner of the lower jaw to the apex of the skull, and also very broad and square. Viewed at the side, the head should appear very high, and very short from the point of the nose to occiput. The forehead should be flat (not rounded or domed), neither too prominent nor overhanging the face. Cheeks--The cheeks should be well rounded, protruding sideways and outward beyond the eyes. Stop--The temples or frontal bones should be very well defined, broad, square and high, causing a hollow or groove between the eyes. This indentation, or stop, should be both broad and deep and extend up the middle of the forehead, dividing the head vertically, being traceable to the top of the skull. Face and Muzzle--The face, measured from the front of the cheekbone to the tip of the nose, should be extremely short, the muzzle being very short, broad, turned upward and very deep from the corner of the eye to the corner of the mouth. Nose--The nose should be large, broad and black, its tip set back deeply between the eyes. The distance from bottom of stop, between the eyes, to the tip of nose should be as short as possible and not exceed the length from the tip of nose to the edge of underlip. The nostrils should be wide, large and black, with a well-defined line between them. Any nose other than black is objectionable and a brown or liver-colored nose shall disqualify. Lips--The chops or "flews" should be thick, broad, pendant and very deep, completely overhanging the lower jaw at each side. They join the underlip in front and almost or quite cover the teeth, which should be scarcely noticeable when the mouth is closed. Bite--Jaws--The jaws should be massive, very broad, square and "undershot," the lower jaw projecting considerably in front of the upper jaw and turning up. Teeth The teeth should be large and strong, with the canine teeth or tusks wide apart, and the six small teeth in front, between the canines, in an even, level row.

Neck, Topline, Body
Neck -- The neck should be short, very thick, deep and strong and well arched at the back. Topline -- There should be a slight fall in the back, close behind the shoulders (its lowest part), whence the spine should rise to the loins (the top of which should be higher than the top of the shoulders), thence curving again more suddenly to the tail, forming an arch (a very distinctive feature of the breed), termed "roach back" or, more correctly, "wheel-back." Body--The brisket and body should be very capacious, with full sides, well-rounded ribs and very deep from the shoulders down to its lowest part, where it joins the chest. It should be well let down between the shoulders and forelegs, giving the dog a broad, low, short-legged appearance. Chest--The chest should be very broad, deep and full. Underline--The body should be well ribbed up behind with the belly tucked up and not rotund. Back and Loin--The back should be short and strong, very broad at the shoulders and comparatively narrow at the loins. Tail--The tail may be either straight or "screwed" (but never curved or curly), and in any case must be short, hung low, with decided downward carriage, thick root and fine tip. If straight, the tail should be cylindrical and of uniform taper. If "screwed," the bends or kinks should be well defined, and they may be abrupt and even knotty, but no portion of the member should be elevated above the base or root.

Forequarters
Shoulders--The shoulders should be muscular, very heavy, widespread and slanting outward, giving stability and great power. Forelegs--The forelegs should be short, very stout, straight and muscular, set wide apart, with well developed calves, presenting a bowed outline, but the bones of the legs should not be curved or bandy, nor the feet brought too close together. Elbows--The elbows should be low and stand well out and loose from the body. Feet-- The feet should be moderate in size, compact and firmly set. Toes compact, well split up, with high knuckles and very short stubby nails. The front feet may be straight or slightly out-turned.

Hindquarters
Legs--The hind legs should be strong and muscular and longer than the forelegs, so as to elevate the loins above the shoulders. Hocks should be slightly bent and well let down, so as to give length and strength from the loins to hock. The lower leg should be short, straight and strong, with the stifles turned slightly outward and away from the body. The hocks are thereby made to approach each other, and the hind feet to turn outward. Feet--The feet should be moderate in size, compact and firmly set. Toes compact, well split up, with high knuckles and short stubby nails. The hind feet should be pointed well outward.

Coat and Skin
Coat--The coat should be straight, short, flat, close, of fine texture, smooth and glossy. (No fringe, feather or curl.) Skin--The skin should be soft and loose, especially at the head, neck and shoulders. Wrinkles and Dewlap--The head and face should be covered with heavy wrinkles, and at the throat, from jaw to chest, there should be two loose pendulous folds, forming the dewlap.

Color of Coat
The color of coat should be uniform, pure of its kind and brilliant. The various colors found in the breed are to be preferred in the following order: (1) red brindle, (2) all other brindles, (3) solid white, (4) solid red, fawn or fallow, (5) piebald, (6) inferior qualities of all the foregoing. Note: A perfect piebald is preferable to a muddy brindle or defective solid color. Solid black is very undesirable, but not so objectionable if occurring to a moderate degree in piebald patches. The brindles to be perfect should have a fine, even and equal distribution of the composite colors. In brindles and solid colors a small white patch on the chest is not considered detrimental. In piebalds the color patches should be well defined, of pure color and symmetrically distributed.

Gait
The style and carriage are peculiar, his gait being a loose-jointed, shuffling, sidewise motion, giving the characteristic "roll." The action must, however, be unrestrained, free and vigorous.

Temperament
The disposition should be equable and kind, resolute and courageous (not vicious or aggressive), and demeanor should be pacific and dignified. These attributes should be countenanced by the expression and behavior.

Scale of Points

General Properties
Proportion and symmetry	5
Attitude	3
Expression	2
Gait	3
Size	3
Coat	2
Color of coat	4	22
Head
Skull	5
Cheeks	2
Stop	4
Eyes and eyelids	3
Ears	5
Wrinkle	5
Nose	6
Chops	2
Jaws	5
Teeth	2	39
Body, Legs, etc.
Neck	3
Dewlap	2
Shoulders	5
Chest	3
Ribs	3
Brisket	2
Belly	2
Back	5
Forelegs and elbows	4
Hind Legs	3
Feet	3
Tail	4	39
Total		100

Disqualification

Brown or liver-colored nose.

Approved July 20, 1976
Reformatted November 28, 1990

 Bulldog(英国斗牛犬)

[简介] 完美的英国斗牛犬必须是一种中等体型、被毛平顺的狗；拥有沉重、肥壮、低矮而摇晃的身躯，脸部短，厚重的头部，宽阔的肩胛和强健的四肢。整体外观和姿势显示出非常稳固，有活力且充满力量。性格显得平静而和蔼，坚定而勇敢（不显得恶意或好斗），他的风度显得平和而威严。这些品质透过表情和风度体现出来。

[体型] 尺寸：成熟雄性的体重约50磅；成熟雌性的体重约40磅。比例：头围（耳朵前面部位的周长）与肩胛最高点的高度相称。匀称性：“重点”相当分散，每个部位与其他部位的关系都非常匀称，没有任何一个部位显得非常突出，而其他部位则明显不足，从而使外貌显得丑陋或比例失调。性别的影响：对比不同的性别，允许对雌性宽容一些，所以对雌性的要求不象对雄性那样严格，也不要求象雄性那样雄壮。

[头部] 眼睛和眼睑：眼睛，从前面观察，位于脑袋上比较低的位置，尽可能远离耳朵，眼角间的连线与止部呈直角。在头部正前方，彼此间的距离尽可能宽，从前面观察，外眼角位于面颊轮廓内。眼睛的形状相当圆，中等大小，既不凹陷，也不突出，颜色非常深。当他向前看时，眼睑完全覆盖住眼白，而且“瞬膜”完全不可见。耳朵：耳朵在头部的位置相当高，耳朵前面的内边缘与脑袋的轮廓线相连，位于脑袋顶部的后角，以至于它们的位置分的相当远，位置很高，尽可能远离眼睛。耳朵相当小，且薄。形状是所谓的“玫瑰耳”。，玫瑰耳是指后面下端边缘向内折叠，前面上端边缘越过去（向外面和后面），有部分内耳和边缘显示出来（耳朵绝不能是立耳、纽扣耳或剪耳）。脑袋：脑袋非常大，头部周长（耳朵前面），至少与肩高相当。从前面观察，从下颌最低的角落到脑袋顶点的距离相当长，而且相当宽，且呈正方形。从侧面观察，脑袋相当高，且从鼻镜到后枕骨的距离相当短。前额相当平（既不圆，也不拱起），脸部既不突出，也不下垂。面颊：面颊相当圆，向两侧突出，超过眼睛的范围。止部：太阳穴和前额骨骼非常清晰，宽、正方形且高，在眼睛中间形成凹槽。这凹痕，或止部宽而深，延伸到前额中间，从头顶开始，以垂直方向区分头部。脸和口吻：脸部，从面颊骨前面开始，到鼻尖，距离极短，口吻非常短、宽，向上翻，从眼角到嘴角非常深。鼻镜：大，宽，黑色，鼻尖靠后，深深的位于眼睛中间。从止部底端（两眼中间）到鼻尖的距离尽可能短，不超过从鼻尖到下唇边缘的距离。鼻孔宽、大，黑色，中间有清晰的中线。鼻镜不是黑色是很糟糕的，灰色或肝色鼻镜属于失格。嘴唇：上唇厚、宽、下垂，且非常深，完全悬垂在下颌两侧。在前面与下唇结合，差不多能盖住牙齿。当嘴巴闭合时，牙齿基本上不可见。咬和-颌部：颌部厚重，非常宽，正方形，“下颚突出”，下颌在前面相当突出（比上颌突出），且向上翻。牙齿：牙齿大、结实，犬齿距离相当宽，前面有六颗小牙齿在犬齿之间，排列平整而水平。

[颈部、背线、身躯] 颈部：颈部短、非常粗，颈背深、结实而圆拱。背线：肩胛后方略微塌陷，紧随在肩胛之后（最低的部位），由于脊椎向腰部升起（腰部最高点比肩胛最高点略高一些），因此，向尾巴方向再次弯曲，从而形成一个拱形（该品种非常独特的外貌），成为“拱背”，或更准确的说，是“轮形背”。身躯：胸部和身躯都显得非常宽，侧面丰满，肋骨圆，从肩胛到最低部位（与胸部结合部位）显得非常深。胸底再肩胛和前腿之间，位置非常低，使他产生一种非常宽、矮、腿短的外貌。胸部：胸部非常宽、深、且丰满。下腹线：身躯在肋骨支撑部位之后，腹部上提，不很圆。背部和腰部：背部短而结实，肩胛处非常宽，而腰部略窄。尾巴：直或呈“螺旋”状（但不弯曲或卷曲），不管是哪种类型，都必须很短、低垂，姿势是坚定的向下，根部粗而尖端细。如果尾巴是直的，则呈圆住形，锥度统一。如果是“螺旋”状，纠结处的弯曲非常清晰，可能显得生硬，且结较平，没有任何部分会高过尾根。

[前躯] 肩胛：肩胛肌肉发达，非常沉重，分布的很宽，且向外倾斜，给人以稳定而非常强健的印象。前肢：腿短、结实、直、且肌肉发达，位置分的很开，腓骨非常发达，显示出弓形外观，但腿骨不能弯曲或交叉，足爪位置不能太近。肘部：肘部位置低，且向外，与身躯的关系显得松懈。足爪：足爪为中等大小，紧凑而稳固。脚趾紧凑，上半部裂开，趾关节高，且趾甲短而粗。前足爪直，或略向外翻。

[后躯] 腿：后腿结实而肌肉发达，比前肢略长，使腰部高于肩胛。飞节略微弯曲，且位置低，以至于从腰部到飞节有足够的长度和力量。下半部后腿短、直而结实，膝关节略向外弯曲，且离身躯略远。因此飞节彼此靠近，而后足爪向外翻。足爪：足爪为中等大小，紧凑而稳固。脚趾紧凑，上半部裂开，趾关节高，且趾甲短而粗。后足爪向外翻。

[被毛和皮肤] 被毛：被毛直、短、平坦、紧密、且质地细腻，平滑而有光泽（没有刘海、羽状饰毛或卷毛）。皮肤：皮肤显得柔软而松弛，尤其是头部、颈部和肩胛。皱纹和赘肉：头部和脸部覆盖着沉重的皱纹，在喉咙处，从下颌到胸部，有两层松弛而下垂的褶皱，形成赘肉。

[颜色] 被毛的颜色应该均衡、类型纯净而有光泽。该品种首选的颜色为下列几种：（1）红色虎斑。（2）其他颜色虎斑。（3）纯白色。（4）纯红色、驼色或浅褐色。（5）花斑色。（6）前面所描述的颜色，但品质差的。注意：正确的花斑色比污浊的虎斑色或有缺陷的纯色更可取。纯黑色是很不理想的颜色，但在花斑色中出现一定量的黑色斑块则是允许的。虎斑色的理想情况是组成虎斑的颜色精美、连贯、分布均匀。虎斑色或纯色在胸部有少量白色是无关紧要的。花斑色要求色块明确、清晰，颜色纯净、且对称分布。

[步态] 他的姿势和风度非常特殊，步态显得关节松弛，拖着脚步，横向运动，产生一种独特的“滚动”步态。但无论如何，动作应该显得没有拘束，舒展而强健。

[气质] 性格显得平静而和蔼，坚定而勇敢（不显得恶意或好斗），风度显得平和而威严。这些品质透过表情和风度体现出来。

[评分标准] 整体外观 22 比例与匀称性 5 姿势 3 表情 2 步态 3 尺寸 3 被毛 2 颜色 4 头部 39 脑袋 5 面颊 2 止部 4 眼睛和眼睑 3 耳朵 5 皱纹 5 鼻镜 6 嘴 2 颌部 5 牙齿 2 身躯、腿部等 39 颈部 3 赘肉 2 肩胛 5 胸部 3 肋骨 3 胸底 2 腹部 2 背部 5 前肢和肘部 4 后腿 3 足爪 3 尾巴 4 总计 100 [失格] 褐色或肝色鼻镜。

标准通过日期：1976年 7月20日

标准更新日期：1990年11月28日

原作： 酋长

来源： 转译自AKC

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