Bouvier des Flandres Breed Standard
Herding Group

General Appearance
The Bouvier des Flandres is a powerfully built, compact, short-coupled, rough-coated dog of notably rugged appearance. He gives the impression of great strength without any sign of heaviness or clumsiness in his overall makeup. He is agile, spirited and bold, yet his serene, well behaved disposition denotes his steady, resolute and fearless character. His gaze is alert and brilliant, depicting his intelligence, vigor and daring. By nature he is an equable dog. His origin is that of a cattle herder and general farmer's helper, including cart pulling. He is an ideal farm dog. His harsh double coat protects him in all weather, enabling him to perform the most arduous tasks. He has been used as an ambulance and messenger dog. Modern times find him as a watch and guard dog as well as a family friend, guardian and protector. His physical and mental characteristics and deportment, coupled with his olfactory abilities, his intelligence and initiative enable him to also perform as a tracking dog and a guide dog for the blind. The following description is that of the ideal Bouvier des Flandres. Any deviation from this is to be penalized to the extent of the deviation.

Size, Proportion, Substance

Size--The height as measured at the withers: Dogs, from 24½ to 27½ inches; bitches, from 23½ to 26½ inches. In each sex, the ideal height is the median of the two limits, i.e., 26 inches for a dog and 25 inches for a bitch. Any dog or bitch deviating from the minimum or maximum limits mentioned shall be severely penalized. Proportion--The length from the point of the shoulder to the tip of the buttocks is equal to the height from the ground to the highest point of the withers. A long-bodied dog should be seriously faulted. Substance--Powerfully built, strong boned, well muscled, without any sign of heaviness or clumsiness.

Head
The head is impressive in scale, accentuated by beard and mustache. It is in proportion to body and build. The expression is bold and alert. Eyes neither protrude nor are sunken in the sockets. Their shape is oval with the axis on the horizontal plane, when viewed from the front. Their color is a dark brown. The eye rims are black without lack of pigment and the haw is barely visible. Yellow or light eyes are to be strongly penalized, along with a walleyed or staring expression. Ears placed high and alert. If cropped, they are to be a triangular contour and in proportion to the size of the head. The inner corner of the ear should be in line with the outer corner of the eye. Ears that are too low or too closely set are serious faults. Skull well developed and flat, slightly less wide than long. When viewed from the side, the top lines of the skull and the muzzle are parallel. It is wide between the ears, with the frontal groove barely marked. The stop is more apparent than real, due to upstanding eyebrows. The proportions of length of skull to length of muzzle are 3 to 2. Muzzle broad, strong, well filled out, tapering gradually toward the nose without ever becoming snipy or pointed. A narrow, snipy muzzle is faulty. Nose large, black, well developed, round at the edges, with flared nostrils. A brown, pink or spotted nose is a serious fault. The cheeks are flat and lean, with the lips being dry and tight fitting. The jaws are powerful and of equal length. The teeth are strong, white and healthy, with the incisors meeting in a scissors bite. Overshot or undershot bites are to be severely penalized.

Neck, Topline, and Body
The neck is strong and muscular, widening gradually into the shoulders. When viewed from the side, it is gracefully arched with proud carriage. A short, squatty neck is faulty. No dewlap. Back short, broad, well muscled with firm level topline. It is supple and flexible with no sign of weakness. Body or trunk powerful, broad and short. The chest is broad, with the brisket extending to the elbow in depth. The ribs are deep and well sprung. The first ribs are slightly curved, the others well sprung and very well sloped nearing the rear, giving proper depth to the chest. Flat ribs or slabsidedness is to be strongly penalized. Flanks and loins short, wide and well muscled, without weakness. The abdomen is only slightly tucked up. The horizontal line of the back should mold unnoticeably into the curve of the rump, which is characteristically wide. A sunken or slanted croup is a serious fault. Tail is to be docked, leaving 2 or 3 vertebrae. It must be set high and align normally with the spinal column. Preferably carried upright in motion. Dogs born tailless should not be penalized.

Forequarters
Strong boned, well muscled and straight. The shoulders are relatively long, muscular but not loaded, with good layback. The shoulder blade and humerus are approximately the same length, forming an angle slightly greater than 90 degrees when standing. Steep shoulders are faulty. Elbows close to the body and parallel. Elbows which are too far out or in are faults. Forearms viewed either in profile or from the front are perfectly straight, parallel to each other and perpendicular to the ground. They are well muscled and strong boned. Carpus exactly in line with the forearms. Strong boned. Pasterns quite short, slightly sloped. Dewclaws may be removed. Both forefeet and hind feet are rounded and compact turning neither in nor out; the toes close and well arched; strong black nails; thick tough pads.

Hindquarters
Firm, well muscled with large, powerful hams. They should be parallel with the front legs when viewed from either front or rear. Legs moderately long, well muscled, neither too straight nor too inclined. Thighs wide and muscular. The upper thigh must be neither too straight nor too sloping. There is moderate angulation at the stifle. Hocks strong, rather close to the ground. When standing and seen from the rear, they will be straight and perfectly parallel to each other. In motion, they must turn neither in nor out. There is a slight angulation at the hock joint. Sickle or cow-hocks are serious faults. Metatarsi hardy and lean, rather cylindrical and perpendicular to the ground when standing. If born with dewclaws, they are to be removed.Feet as in front.

Coat
A tousled, double coat capable of withstanding the hardest work in the most inclement weather. The outer hairs are rough and harsh, with the undercoat being fine, soft and dense. The coat may be trimmed slightly only to accent the body line. Overtrimming which alters the natural rugged appearance is to be avoided. Topcoat must be harsh to the touch, dry, trimmed, if necessary, to a length of approximately 2½ inches. A coat too long or too short is a fault, as is a silky or woolly coat. It is tousled without being curly. On the skull, it is short, and on the upper part of the back, it is particularly close and harsh always, however, remaining rough. Ears are rough-coated. Undercoat a dense mass of fine, close hair, thicker in winter. Together with the topcoat, it will form a water-resistant covering. A flat coat, denoting lack of undercoat is a serious fault. Mustache and beard very thick, with the hair being shorter and rougher on the upper side of the muzzle. The upper lip with its heavy mustache and the chin with its heavy and rough beard gives that gruff expression so characteristic of the breed. Eyebrows, erect hairs accentuating the shape of the eyes without ever veiling them.

Color
From fawn to black, passing through salt and pepper, gray and brindle. A small white star on the chest is allowed. Other than chocolate brown, white, or parti-color, which are to be severely penalized, no one color is to be favored.

Gait
The whole of the Bouvier des Flandres must be harmoniously proportioned to allow for a free, bold and proud gait. The reach of the forequarters must compensate for and be in balance with the driving power of the hindquarters. The back, while moving in a trot, will remain firm and flat. In general, the gait is the logical demonstration of the structure and build of the dog. It is to be noted that while moving at a fast trot, the properly built Bouvier will tend to single-track.

Temperament
The Bouvier is an equable dog, steady, resolute and fearless. Viciousness or shyness is undesirable.

Approved January 10, 2000
Effective Febraury 23, 2000

Bouvier des Flandres(法兰德斯畜牧犬）

[简介] 法兰德斯畜牧犬是一种结构有力、紧凑、结合短、被毛粗糙的狗，非常显著的粗糙被毛是其主要外貌特征。他给人的印象是非常有力量，但在整体结构上没有任何沉重或笨拙迹象。他非常灵活、英勇、且大胆，但显示出来的却是平静、良好的行为举止，显示出他稳定的性格、坚定的意志和勇敢的品格。他的眼神警惕而有才气，显示出他的聪明、活力和胆略。在自然环境中，他是一种温和、平静的狗。起源是作为牧牛犬和牧人的助手，如拉车等。他是一个理想的牧场（农场）狗，粗糙的双层被毛可以帮助他抵御各种恶劣的气候条件，使他能够完成大部分艰苦的任务。他常被用来作为救难犬或传信犬。现代人发现，他作为家庭伴侣与作为守护犬或警卫犬一样好。他的身体条件、智力特征、行为举止、结合他的嗅觉能力、他的聪明和主动，使他也能成为良好的追踪犬和导盲犬。下列描述的特征是理想的法兰德斯畜牧犬，任何背离下面描述的地方，都需要根据背离的程度进行扣分。

[体型] 肩高：高度测量点应该在马肩隆的最高处，雄性约24.5英寸~27.5英寸；雌性约23.5~26.5英寸。理想的肩高应该在上限和下限之间，雄性为26英寸；雌性为25英寸。任何性别，肩高超过上限或不到下限，都属于严重缺陷。比例：身体的长度（从肩胛前端到臀部的距离）与肩高相等。身体过长的狗属于缺陷，并将受到严厉惩罚。体质：结构有力、骨骼强健、肌肉发达，没有任何沉重或笨拙的迹象。

[头部] 头部的比例给人以深刻的印象，特别是胡须和髭须。与身躯及身体结构呈良好的比例。表情：大胆而警惕。眼睛：在眼窝内既不突出也不凹陷。卵形，从侧面观察，轴线呈水平放置。眼睛的颜色为深褐色，眼圈颜色为黑色，没有色素缺乏的现象，瞬膜隐约可见。黄色眼睛或浅色眼睛属于严重缺陷，连带着，斜眼或表情刺眼也属于缺陷。耳朵：位置高且宽。如果是剪耳，轮廓呈三角形且大小与头部比例恰当。内侧角与眼睛外侧角处于同一直线。耳朵位置太低或太靠近都属于严重缺陷。脑袋：非常发达且平坦，宽度略小于长度，从侧面观察，脑袋的轮廓线与口吻的轮廓线相互平行。两耳间距离宽阔，前端的凹槽隐约可见。止部：由于有直立的眉毛，止部比实际更显著。脑袋的长度与口吻的长度比例应该为：3/2。口吻：宽、结实、丰满，向鼻镜方向逐渐变细，但不能象被截断或太尖。狭窄的、象被截断的口吻属于缺陷。鼻镜：大、黑色、非常发达，边缘为圆形，鼻孔开阔。褐色、粉红色或带有污迹的鼻镜属于严重缺陷。面颊平坦、倾斜，嘴唇干燥（无松弛的皮肤）且紧密贴合。上下颚有力且长度相等。牙齿：强健、白色且健康，剪状咬和。上颚突出式咬和或下颚突出式咬和都属于严重缺陷。

[颈部、背线、身躯] 颈部：结实、肌肉发达，向肩部方向逐渐放宽。从侧面观察，颈部温和地圆拱，自豪地昂起。短而胖的颈部属于缺陷。无赘肉。背部：短、宽、肌肉发达，背线水平。背部柔顺而灵活，但没有软弱的迹象。身躯或躯干：有力、宽且短，胸部宽、深度达到肘部。肋骨深且扩张良好。第一条肋骨略弯，其他肋骨扩张良好、向后倾斜，给胸部以正确的深度。平坦或侧面平坦的肋骨属于严重缺陷。腰窝或腰部：宽、短且肌肉发达，没有松懈。腹部非常轻微的上提。背线不易察觉地延伸到臀部曲线，特别的宽。凹陷或倾斜的臀部属于严重缺陷。尾巴：断尾，保留2~3节尾椎骨。位置高，与尾椎连成一线。运动时高高举起更好。如果天生无尾的狗不属于缺陷。

[前躯] 骨骼坚实、肌肉发达且直。肩胛相当长，肌肉发达但不是抗肩膀，肩胛后仰。肩胛骨长度与上臂长度大致相等，站立时，形成的角度略大于90度。陡峭的肩胛属于缺陷。肘部：贴近身躯且彼此平行。肘部离身躯太近或太远都属于缺陷。从任何一个侧面或正面观察，前臂都非常直（完美），彼此平行且垂直于地面。肌肉非常发达且骨骼坚实。手腕：与前臂呈同一直线，骨骼坚实。骹骨：相当短，略微倾斜。狼爪可以切除。前足爪和后足爪都为圆形，紧凑，既不向外翻，也不向内弯；脚趾紧密、圆拱；趾甲为黑色，结实；脚垫厚实坚硬。

[后躯] 坚固、肌肉发达，大腿宽大而有力。从前面或后面观察，它们都与前肢平行。腿：长度适中，肌肉发达，既不太直，也不太斜。后膝关节角度恰当。飞节：结实，靠近地面。站立状态，并从后面观察时，飞节直且彼此平行。运动时，他们既不能向外翻，也不能向内弯。飞节关节处有轻微的角度。镰刀腿或牛肢都属于严重缺陷。跖骨：坚固且倾斜，圆住形，站立时垂直于地面。如果天生有狼爪，必须切除。足爪与前肢相同。

[被毛] 乱七八糟的、双层被毛能够经受在各种恶劣的气候条件下艰苦工作。外层披毛粗糙且杂乱；内层底毛细腻、柔软且浓密。可以略微修剪被毛，以突出身躯轮廓。应该避免过度修剪，而破坏了其自然的外观（粗糙）。“夹大衣”（身躯上的被毛）触摸上去感觉粗糙、干燥、如果需要，可以修剪，保留的长度约2.5英寸。过长、过短、丝状、羊毛状被毛都属于缺陷。毛发杂乱但不卷曲。脑袋的毛发短，在背部上半部分，毛发特别紧密但仍然保持粗糙。耳朵的毛发粗硬。底毛细腻、浓密，冬季的毛发紧密而浓，加上“夹大衣”，形成一个防水层。平坦的被毛，显示出缺乏底毛，属于严重缺陷。胡须和髭须：非常浓厚，口吻上部的毛发短、粗硬。上嘴唇的髭须厚重，而下巴上的胡须厚重、粗糙，形成粗鲁的外貌表情，是这一品种的特征。眉毛：直立的毛发强调了眼睛的形状，但决不能遮住眼睛。

[颜色] 从驼色到黑色、包括椒盐色、灰色、虎斑色都有。胸部有小的白色星形斑是允许的。其他颜色如巧克力色、白色、班驳的颜色都属于严重缺陷。允许的颜色中没有优劣之分。

[步态] 评判法兰德斯畜牧犬必须综合考虑，与身体结构相称的应该有舒展、粗放、且自豪的步态。前躯的伸展应该与后躯的驱动力相互匹配并保持平衡。后背，在快速小跑时，仍然保持稳定、水平。通常，正确的步态显示了身体结构和构造的准确性。所以，如果法兰德斯畜牧犬的身体构造合理、准确的话，在快速小跑时，足迹应该为单一轨迹。

[气质] 法兰德斯畜牧犬是平静的品种，坚定、坚决且勇敢。凶恶或羞怯都属于缺陷。

标准通过日期：2000年1月10日

标准执行日期：2000年2月23日

原作： 酋长

来源： 转译自AKC

本文引用地址：http://www.petwe.com/article/2006/0726/article_898.html